“Despite Iran’s public break in direct and indirect diplomatic channels, evidence from U.S. statements and the persistence of clandestine engagement suggest that back-channel communications continue. Concurrently, Iran’s categorical rejection of any uranium-enrichment limits and its covert pursuit of weaponizable fissile material, in contradiction to its public denials, significantly erode mutual trust. This dual dynamic—covert dialogue amid strategic mistrust—heightens the risk of miscalculation and sudden escalation, particularly around nuclear thresholds.”